Practical Testing and Selection of Enterprise LLMs: The Importance of Model Inference Quality, Performance, and Fine-Tuning

In the course of modern enterprises' digital transformation, adopting large language models (LLMs) as the infrastructure for natural language understanding (NLU), natural language processing (NLP), and natural language generation (NLG) applications has become a prevailing trend. However, choosing the right LLM model to meet enterprise needs, especially testing and optimizing these models in real-world applications, has become a critical issue that every decision-maker must carefully consider. This article delves into several key aspects that enterprises need to focus on when selecting LLM models, helping readers understand the significance and key challenges in practical applications.

NLP Model Training Based on Enterprise Data and Data Security

When choosing an LLM, enterprises must first consider whether the model can be effectively generated and trained based on their own data. This not only relates to the model's customization capability but also directly impacts the enterprise's performance in specific application scenarios. For instance, whether an enterprise's proprietary data can successfully integrate with the model training data to generate more targeted semantic understanding models is crucial for the effectiveness and efficiency of business process automation.

Meanwhile, data security and privacy cannot be overlooked in this process. Enterprises often handle sensitive information, so during the model training and fine-tuning process, it is essential to ensure that this data is never leaked or misused under any circumstances. This requires the chosen LLM model to excel in data encryption, access control, and data management, thereby ensuring compliance with data protection regulations while meeting business needs.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Model Inference Quality and Performance

Enterprises impose stringent requirements on the inference quality and performance of LLM models, which directly determines the model's effectiveness in real-world applications. Enterprises typically establish a comprehensive testing framework that simulates interactions between hundreds of thousands of end-users and their systems to conduct extensive stress tests on the model's inference quality and scalability. In this process, low-latency and high-response models are particularly critical, as they directly impact the quality of the user experience.

In terms of inference quality, enterprises often employ the GSB (Good, Same, Bad) quality assessment method to evaluate the model's output quality. This assessment method not only considers whether the model's generated responses are accurate but also emphasizes feedback perception and the score on problem-solving relevance to ensure the model truly addresses user issues rather than merely generating seemingly reasonable responses. This detailed quality assessment helps enterprises make more informed decisions in the selection and optimization of models.

Fine-Tuning and Hallucination Control: The Value of Proprietary Data

To further enhance the performance of LLM models in specific enterprise scenarios, fine-tuning is an indispensable step. By using proprietary data to fine-tune the model, enterprises can significantly improve the model's accuracy and reliability in specific domains. However, a common issue during fine-tuning is "hallucinations" (i.e., the model generating incorrect or fictitious information). Therefore, enterprises need to assess the hallucination level in each given response and set confidence scores, applying these scores to the rest of the toolchain to minimize the number of hallucinations in the system.

This strategy not only improves the credibility of the model's output but also builds greater trust during user interactions, giving enterprises a competitive edge in the market.

Conclusion

Choosing and optimizing LLM models is a complex challenge that enterprises must face in their digital transformation journey. By considering NLP model training based on enterprise data and security, comprehensively evaluating inference quality and performance, and controlling hallucinations through fine-tuning, enterprises can achieve high-performing and highly customized LLM models while ensuring data security. This process not only enhances the enterprise's automation capabilities but also lays a solid foundation for success in a competitive market.

Through this discussion, it is hoped that readers will gain a clearer understanding of the key factors enterprises need to focus on when selecting and testing LLM models, enabling them to make more informed decisions in real-world applications.

HaxiTAG Studio is an enterprise-level LLM GenAl solution that integrates AIGC Workflow and privatization data fine-tuning.

Through a highly scalable Tasklets pipeline framework, flexible Al hub components, adpter, and KGM component, HaxiTAG Studio enables flexible setup, orchestration, rapid debugging, and realization of product POC. Additionally, HaxiTAG Studio is embedded with RAG technology solution and training data annotation tool system, assisting partners in achieving low-cost and rapid POC validation, LLM application, and GenAl integration into enterprise applications for quick verification and implementation.

As a trusted LLM and GenAl industry application solution, HaxiTAG provides enterprise partners with LLM and GenAl application solutions, private Al, and applied robotic automation to boost efficiency and productivity in applications and production systems. It helps partners leverage their data knowledge assets, integrate heterogeneous multi-modal information, and combine advanced Al capabilities to support fintech and enterprise application scenarios, creating value and growth opportunities.

HaxiTAG Studio, driven by LLM and GenAl, arranges bot sequences, creates feature bots, feature bot factories, and adapter hubs to connect external systems and databases for any function. HaxiTAG is a trusted solution for LLM and GenAl industry applications, designed to supply enterprise partners with LLM and GenAl application solutions, private Al, and robotic process automation to enhance efficiency and productivity. It helps partners leverage their data knowledge assets, relate and produce heterogeneous multimodal information, and amalgamate cutting-edge Al capabilities with enterprise application scenarios, creating value and development opportunities.

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RAG: A New Dimension for LLM's Knowledge Application

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly permeate everyday enterprise operations, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technology is emerging as a key force in facilitating the practical application of LLMs. By integrating RAG into LLMs, enterprises can significantly enhance the efficiency of knowledge management and information retrieval, effectively empowering LLMs to reach new heights.

The Core Advantages of RAG Technology

The essence of RAG lies in its ability to combine retrieval systems with generative models, allowing LLMs not only to generate text but also to base these outputs on a vast array of pre-retrieved relevant information, resulting in more precise and contextually relevant content. This approach is particularly well-suited to handling large and complex internal enterprise data, helping organizations derive deep insights.

In a podcast interview, Mandy Gu shared her experience with RAG in her company. By integrating the company's self-hosted LLM with various internal knowledge bases, such as Notion and GitHub, Mandy and her team built a robust knowledge retrieval system that automatically extracts information from different data sources every night and stores it in a vector database. Employees can easily access this information via a web application, asking questions or issuing commands in their daily work. The introduction of RAG technology has greatly improved the efficiency of information retrieval, enabling employees to obtain more valuable answers in less time.

The Integration of Self-Hosted LLM and RAG

RAG not only enhances the application of LLMs but also offers great flexibility in terms of data security and privacy protection. Mandy mentioned that when they initially used OpenAI’s services, an additional layer of personal information protection was added to safeguard sensitive data. However, this extra layer reduced the efficiency of generative AI, making it challenging for employees to handle sensitive information. As a result, they transitioned to a self-hosted open-source LLM and utilized RAG technology to securely and efficiently process sensitive data.

Self-hosted LLMs give enterprises greater control over their data and can be customized according to specific business needs. This makes the combination of LLMs and RAG a highly flexible solution, capable of addressing diverse business requirements.

The Synergy Between Quantized Models and RAG

In the interview, Namee Oberst highlighted that the combination of RAG technology and quantized models, such as Llama.cpp, can significantly reduce the computational resources required by LLMs, allowing these large models to run efficiently on smaller devices. This technological breakthrough means that the application scenarios for LLMs will become broader, ranging from large servers to laptops, and even embedded devices.

Although quantized models may compromise on accuracy, they offer significant advantages in reducing latency and speeding up response times. For enterprises, this performance boost is crucial, especially in scenarios requiring real-time decision-making and high responsiveness.

The Future Prospects of Empowering LLM Applications with RAG

RAG technology provides robust support for the implementation of LLM applications, enabling enterprises to quickly extract valuable information from massive amounts of data and make more informed decisions based on this information. As RAG technology continues to mature and become more widely adopted, we can foresee that the application of LLMs will not only be limited to large enterprises but will also gradually spread to small and medium-sized enterprises and individual users.

Ultimately, the "wings" that RAG technology adds to LLM applications will drive artificial intelligence into a broader and deeper era of application, making knowledge management and information retrieval more intelligent, efficient, and personalized. In this process, enterprises will not only enhance productivity but also lay a solid foundation for future intelligent development.

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